The flame retardant is a functional auxiliary agent that can give flammable polymers, which is mainly aimed at flame retardant design for polymer materials.
There are many types of flame retardants, which are divided into adding flame retardants and reactive flame retardants according to how to use them.
Add flame retardant is added to the polymer through mechanical mixing methods so that the polymer has flame retardant. At present, the main flame retardant mainly includes organic flame retardants and inorganic flame retardants. Organic is some flame retardants represented by bromine, phosphate nitrogen, nitrogen, and red phosphorus and compounds. The inorganic is mainly flame retardant systems such as tritenuxide, magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, and silicon system.
The reactive flame retardant is used as a monomer to participate in the polymerization reaction, so the polymer itself contains flame retardant. The advantage is that it has a small impact on the performance of polymer materials and lasting flame retardant.
Magnesium hydroxide is an inorganic flame retardant. The flame retardant mechanism is a combination of water released during combustion. At the same time, the filling of high filling also reduces the combustion of organic materials. The advantages of flame retardants such as magnesium hydroxide are good environmental protection, no smoke, no harmful and controversial gas, and the cost is low. The disadvantage is the large amount and poor affinity.
The flame retardant of the phosphorus is mostly liquid with low flash points. High temperatures may release toxic gases, and there are not many applications for polypropylene. The solid red phosphorus is also a flame retardant often used in plastic flame retardants. Compared with magnesium hydroxide and other flame retardants, high-filled red phosphorus flame retardant has obvious advantages. A disadvantage of red phosphorus is that the flame-retardant material oxygen index is relatively low, the phase solubility is not good enough, and the liquidity is poor. It is suitable for use of low requirements for product appearance and performance.
Bromine flame retardant is representative of halogen flame retardant. Because bromine molecules are greater than chloride molecules, and the bonding energy is small, and the flame retardant efficiency is high. People have more in-depth and thorough research on halogen flame retardants. The reason is its flame retardant effect, high efficiency, convenient use, the best solubility with resin, and easy processing. The biggest problem of bromine retardant is reflected in environmental protection performance, mechanical properties, and the cost of use of products.
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